Which colors are the cones of the human eye primarily sensitive to?

The cones of the human eye are primarily sensitive to red, green, and blue light. These three colors correspond to the three types of cone cells present in the retina, each sensitive to different portions of the light spectrum.

The red cones are most responsive to long wavelengths, the green cones respond to medium wavelengths, and the blue cones detect short wavelengths. This trichromatic vision allows humans to perceive a wide range of colors through the combination of stimulation from these three types of cones.

In terms of color perception, this trichromatic model is foundational, as it explains how mixing red, green, and blue light in various proportions can create the perception of other colors. This is the basis for many color display technologies and is fundamental to understanding visual systems in both biology and optics.