What device is primarily used to view viruses?

The electron microscope is the correct choice for viewing viruses because it operates using beams of electrons rather than visible light. This allows it to achieve significantly higher resolutions, enabling the observation of structures at a nanometer scale, which is necessary for visualizing viruses. Viruses are typically much smaller than most cells, often ranging from about 20 nanometers to 300 nanometers in size.

Light microscopes, on the other hand, are limited by the wavelength of visible light, which restricts their resolution, making them unsuitable for observing objects of such small sizes. Confocal microscopes and phase contrast microscopes enhance light microscopy techniques but still do not provide the resolution needed to clearly view viruses. Therefore, the electron microscope is essential for detailed study and analysis of viral structures.